Understanding Fox Nut Grades

What “Suta” means

Suta is the trade unit used in the Indian makhana market to describe the diameter of a popped fox nut. A higher Suta number means a larger pop. Grading is done after popping, using graded sieves followed by hand-picking to remove broken, discoloured or under-popped pieces.

Common grade bands

• 4 Suta — approx. 12–13 mm. Economical; used for roasting, flavouring and processing.
• 4+ Suta — approx. 13–14 mm. Uniform mid-size for flavoured snacks.
• 5 Suta — approx. 14–15 mm. Balanced size for retail repacking.
• 5+ Suta — approx. 15–16 mm. Premium snacking.
• 6 Suta — approx. 16–18 mm. Large, bright pops for premium shelves.
• 6+ Suta — approx. 18–22 mm. The largest and rarest grade.

Exact millimetre bands vary slightly between suppliers, so buyers should confirm the band in writing on the specification sheet.

Why larger grades cost more

Seed size is set by nature, not by processing. Only a small share of each harvest pops above 18 mm, so 6 and 6+ Suta command a premium. Smaller grades are not lower quality — they are often the better choice for seasoning, grinding or industrial use.

What to check beyond size

• Moisture (typically ≤ 6%)
• Colour and whiteness
• Percentage of broken or black pieces
• Crunch and absence of foreign matter